Environmental and social issues of Unilever

Natural and social issues of Unilever Unilever started with British cleanser producer organization named Lever Brothers. Their progressive activity in business was by presenting the Sunlight Soap in 1890s. That thought was from William Hesketh Lever, originator of Lever Brothers. This thought helped the Lever Brothers become the principal organization that help advocate neatness in Victorian England. Additionally, the item quickly imitated comprehensively after that it was an accomplishment in UK and made Lever Brothers acquired more business around the world. One reason of this achievement was the technique from William that organize on selling the items as well as spotlight on assembling them. On the opposite side, in 1872 Jurgens and Van lair Bergh made an organization that produces margarine. Since there were numerous rivals in the margarine business in Dutch, in 1920s, Jurgen and Van de Berth chose to fortify their organization by joining another margarine maker in Bohemia. In 1927, there were three organizations in cluding Jurgen and Van de Berth organization which framed Margarine Unie situated in Holland. In 1930, the Lever Bros converged with the Margarine Unie and despite the fact that, a universal union was an uncommon move around then, both of the two organizations have a similar vision that by doing this converge with solid worldwide systems would make new chances. At long last, the name of Unilever was made by the converge of the organizations. Not very long after Unilever was shaped, they got a major issue which was that their crude material organizations were decreased from 30% to 40% in the primary year. As that issue began to assault, Unilever needed to respond rapidly by working up an effective arrangement of control. In September of 1930, Unilever set up the Special Committee that was intended to settle British and Dutch work and worry as an interior bureau for the association. Since William Levers demise in 1925, it was Frances DArcy Cooper who supplanted him to turn into the administrators of Lever Brothers. Cooper made a few advantages for Unilever, one of his progressive activity was that he drove the different organizations that included Unilever into one Anglo-Dutch organizations. As indicated by The Netherlands official UK site, Anglo-Dutch Companies is the British and the Dutch generally united to shape the absolute most grounded organizations on the planet, and as of not long ago their position is as yet solid. In 1937, when the relationship between's the benefit procuring capacities of the British and Dutch organizations ended up toppled, it was Cooper that came to tackle the issue by persuading the leading group of the need for rebuilding. During the 1930s, Unilever kept on developing their business when they advanced their items in America Latin. To keep it developing, Unilever adjusted another methodology in 1940s by broadening their business zones and make new regions, for example, specific food and concoction fabricates. Besides, Unilever perceived that there were something more significant than enlarging their zones, it was the connection among promoting and examination that they should concentrate on. In this way, Unilever extended their activity by making relationship by two significant activations in US, those are Thomas J. Lipton organization, production of tea, and the Pepsodent brand of toothpaste in 1944. In 1957 Unilever proceeded with their activities by partner with U.K. solidified food producer winged animals eye, and in 1961 with U.S. Frozen yogurt oddity creator Good Humor. During the 1980s Unilever made a progressive rebuilding by offering the majority of its auxiliary business to think the companys center business. Inevitably, nourishments, toiletries, cleansers and unique synthetic substances were the Unilevers center business. This rebuilding likewise encouraged Unilever to make a coordinated effort with Chesebrought-Ponds in U.S. in 1986. That joint effort had a major effect to Unilever, their net revenue expanded. Moreover, Unilever purchased Chesebrought-Pond in 1987. These days, Unilever become the universes most devoured item brand in home consideration, individual consideration and food. In 2002, Unilever had an overall income around à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã¢ ¬48,760 million. Unilever has two primary child rearing organizations, they are Unilever NV in Rotterdam and Netherland and Unilever PLC in London, UK. In any case, Unilever still has two significant contenders named Nestlã © and Procter Gamble. Unilever has a few overall items in nourishments, for example, Lipton, Knorr, Blue Band, Ben and Jerry, Walls, and Brooke bond. In home consideration, they have Surf, Sun, Radiant, Domestos and Skip. In close to home consideration, they have Ponds, Vaseline, Rexona, Lux, Dove, Lifebuoy, Pepsodent, Sunsilk and Ax/Lynx. Social and Environmental issues Other than Unilevers achievement, there are likewise some social and ecological issues that influences Unilever. There are a few harms made by Unilever during their procedures in assembling, providing, and working. Palm oil gives that influenced by Unilever Unilever is the organization with the universes biggest purchaser of palm oil. They turn the palm oil material to their items like cleansers, beautifying agents, bio-fuel and cleansers. Their activities by chopping down the palm oil of the most zone in Kalimantan was gradually devastating natural surroundings of Orang-utan, a jeopardized species which lived wherever in the rainforest of Kalimantan. This activity brought about the termination of the Orang-utan species in Kalimantan. A normal of 2,000,000 sections of land of the rainforests in Kalimantan have been chopped down every year. This activity is likewise harming Indonesias rainforest, in the end prompting an extreme environmental change. Unilever made their items to help individuals in doing their every day life, however in truth they are additionally obliterating other jeopardized lives. In 2008, Unilever was reprimanded by Greenpeace UK due to these activities. In November 2009, Unilever declared to dropped and quit purchasing palm oil from Indonesian organization, PT Smart for ecological explanation. In April 2010, Unilever had made sure about GreenPalm endorsements. GreenPalm embraced By RSPO (Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil), Organization framed by a few partners in the palm oil industry, to secure the natural effect of palm oil and support reasonable horticulture. These authentications have capacity to cover the provisions of its European, Australian and New Zealand organizations. Unilevers Mercury Waste In 1983, Chesebrough Ponds Ltd, one of U.S. organization purchased a zone close Kodaikanal. They migrated their thermometer-production processing plant that had been in Watertown, suburb of New York to this region. In 1987, Unilever purchased Ponds and the thermometer-production manufacturing plant in Kodaikanal and turned into the greatest office on the planet. At that point, Hindustan Lever Limited (HLL), the auxiliary of Unilever which works and situated in India, assumed responsibility for the processing plant. Mid 2001, there were 7,4 tons of mercury-debased squanders around Kodaikanal in Tamil Nadu found. Kodaikanal has delightful lakes, perpetually cool climate and rich woodlands which is the reason it turned into the most famous vacationer goal in South India. In the wake of exploring the wellspring of those mercury it was seen as from Hindustan Lever Limited processing plant. Mercury is a poisonous metal that can hurt people liver and cerebrum. When mercury come into the earth, it will be changed during characteristic technique into a structure that works its path rapidly through the natural way of life where it can ponder to dangerously significant levels. Mercury is the essential material to make thermometers. In March 2001, 400 individuals from Factory laborers associations and nearby networks dissented and grumbled about the dangerous waste removal strategies from Hindustan Lever Limited manufacturing plant. They gave a final proposal of either shutting the processing plant or expel it from Kodaikanal regions. They likewise said since the mercury removal occur around there, it was decimating the Shola biological system of Western Ghats. After that occurrence, Unilever chose to delay their thermometer creation in Hindustan Lever Limited production line close Kodaikanal until they discover an answer for the issue. Anyway on June 21 2001, the Government of India requested HLL to close the production line and boat the remainder of the mercury waste to the U.S. Unilever Use Child Labor in India In India, Hindustan Lever Limited (HLL) has utilized for anticipated number of 25,000 kids, for the most part young ladies in cotton seed creation. They worked as a rule somewhere in the range of ten and thirteen hours of the day and they just got 40 Eurocents every day. At some point, they are presented to poisonous pesticides during their work. Company incline toward utilized youngster than the grown-up because to set aside cash in pursuing the work. Typically, a kid just gets 55% not exactly a man and 30 % not exactly a lady. One of their work was Narasamma, 12 years of age. She was a transient who worked in cotton seed field throughout the previous three years. She worked over 12 hours of the day with just two breaks. During work, she was consistently splashed by pesticides and got sick after. Be that as it may, she just earned Rs. 800 every month. In mid 2003, numerous nations in Europe, for example, Germany, Netherlands and Ireland began do the crusade to stop Child work. This crusade began from Germany, at that point to Netherlands and the battle completed in Ireland. The principle message from those crusades was that school is the best spot for youngsters, so stop kid work. In may 2003, Unilever declared that they would take care of the youngster work issue in India. Unilever disclosed to Hindustan Lever Limited to begin dismissing the utilization of kid work. End Unilever is one of most persuasive organizations on the planet by giving items that help individuals in their day by day life and furthermore supporting worldwide financial development. They improve their technique to make items time by time until they meet client necessities. That is the reason the majority of their item trustable and helpful to be utilized. Some study demonstrated that each house on the planet at any rate has one of Unilever item. This is demonstrated that Unilever is powerful in human public activity. Maybe offering an incentive to the brand is the be

To be in Advertising

To be in Advertising Free Online Research Papers Publicizing permits an individual to think about for all intents and purposes each part of American business, social culture, innovation and numerous different territories. (Sivak) As an understudy at Lee University, I am contemplating Communications with an accentuation in Advertising with the expectation that one day I will have the chance to work for a non-benefit association, for example, World Vision or Blood Water Mission. I have such a significant number of interests throughout everyday life, so I like the possibility of continually taking a shot at ventures for various organizations and making individuals mindful of things that I believe are imperative to myself and others around the globe. I feel like this would add a little flavor to work. In the course of recent weeks in class we have been finding out about various accentuation in the field of Communications. I might want to work in the field of promoting. I have consistently thought it was intriguing how you can get a person’s consideration by utilizing certain hues and textual style. There are numerous types of publicizing yet type of promoting that I need to be a piece of is media publicizing. Media promoting manages TV ads, bulletins, infomercials and pictures. To be in publicizing you ought to have a Bachelors certificate and preparing in relational abilities. You should have the option to impart to the crowd what you are attempting to sell. You will likewise require tough relationship building abilities. Publicizing expects you to work intimately with a customer base that can be troublesome and requesting. You should have the option to speak with your customers so you give them what they need and what you need to achieve with their crusade. You should be exceptionally inventive. Promoting is one of only a handful scarcely any fields where you can utilize your imaginative pizazz and just to town on a task to offer it to the crowd. You will likewise should have the option to work with a group. To set you up for the field of promoting you should take classes in Web Design and if your college has a publicizing program classes in that and workmanship. The more you are in contact with your innovative side the better. Additionally, join the publicizing clubs on your grounds and engage in everything promoting. This will assist you with building up your abilities and associations with other people who are additionally in the field of publicizing. Publicizing is serious. You should be eager to begin at the base and stir your way up. Entry level positions in the publicizing field is an absolute necessity to make associations. You should be very objective arranged and be prepared to a great deal for the activity. It isn't for weak willed. The feelings of anxiety in publicizing are high particularly in the event that you need to complete the introduction appropriately for a squeezing cutoff time. In the field of promoting such a significant number of occupations are available to you. You can work for corporate organizations, not-for-profit organizations, independent thus numerous different open doors are out there. The field of not-for-profit associations would be the most remunerating on the grounds that in not-for-profit associations you have the chance to have any kind of effect and have a genuine opportunity to add to society and develop while you are grinding away. You will most likely gain more cash on the off chance that you work independent however it presumably won’t be as fulfilling. It extremely just relies upon your own feelings and what you feel lead to do. With promoting I trust it fits a portion of my qualities. My five qualities are Developer, Input, Consistency, Empathy, and Responsibility. With the Developer quality on the off chance that I was venture chief I could see myself empowering the others over the little advances we have made that make us that a lot nearer to our objective. â€Å"Choose classes with a field-considers part that includes working with individuals. This will give a chance to see unmistakable development encounters of others and see how what you realize can be used† (Strengths). My obligation quality will assist me with getting things done in an opportune way and permit me to hand my work over on schedule and done in a manner that would do right by me. The definition given by Gallup Strengths Finder for Responsibility is †â€Å"Your Responsibility subject powers you to take mental proprietorship for anything you focus on, and whether enormous or little, you feel sincerely bound to finish it to cul mination. Your great name relies upon it. In the event that for reasons unknown you can't convey, you consequently begin to search for approaches to make it up to the next individual. Conciliatory sentiments are insufficient. Reasons and legitimizations are absolutely unsuitable. You won't exactly have the option to live with yourself until you have made compensation. This reliability, this close to fixation for doing things right, and your perfect morals, consolidate to make your notoriety: totally trustworthy. When relegating new duties, individuals will look to you first since they realize it will complete. At the point when individuals come to you for help-and they before long will-you should be particular. Your eagerness to chip in may in some cases lead you to take on more than you should† (Strengths).With my consistency topic would come my want to work for a none benefit association. I loathe seeing shamefulness and to have the option to utilize this solidarity to the fullest would be my greatest blessing from heaven. Particularly in the event that I can impact others to hear and see the foul play brought about by what is happening and that we can transform it. The quality of sympathy will assist me with voicing the feelings of the individuals I am attempting to reach. By promoting I am attempting to make their lives that greatly improved by utilizing my plugs or flyers to make them mindful and help them with their regular daily existence. The info topic would be exceptionally valuable. I can utilize the arbitrary goodies of data that I have hidden away and put them on a broacher and utilize the forefront information successfully and not releasing it to squander. I will give my clients precisely the data that they need and need as a result of my capacity to accumulate it. Promoting has consistently intrigued me. I think that its intriguing that a field that isn't generally focused on can be so significant. You don't generally acknowledge how much promoting has transformed us. I need to be a piece of this. That is the reason I am a Communications Major with an Emphasis in Advertising. I need to change the world and to do so you have to get out there and get people’s consideration. That is the thing that I intend to do. â€Å"Advertising Public Relations: Skills Talents. Vocations in-promoting. 21 Apr. 2009. Sivak, Cathy. Highlight Article Advertising Everything from Soup to NutsLiterally! With such a large number of decisions, heres help on to picking a promoting profession. 21 Apr. 2009. Qualities Quest. https://www.strengthsquest.com Research Papers on To be in AdvertisingAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementThe Hockey GameThe Project Managment Office SystemHip-Hop is ArtRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andOpen Architechture a white paperPETSTEL examination of IndiaStandardized TestingMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product

How Do You Hold Onto What You Read

How Do You Hold Onto What You Read This is a guest post by Ashley Riordan.  Ashley  is a graduate student in California who works in a library, makes videos about books at  climbthestacks.com, and blogs about reading, writing, and travel at  ashleyriordan.com. Follow her on  Twitter  @climbthestacks. _________________________ I am convinced that every book I love is going to be the one that changes my life. I burn through the pages, covering them with black ink, underlining every sentence. I cannot believe how specifically this book applies to my life or how it is rearranging my normal pattern of thought. I finish it in a hurry and convince all of my friends they have to read it right away. Then I put the book on a shelf and almost immediately forget about it. Forget is a strong word. I remember that I loved the book and even continue to recommend it to other people, but what was specific about it and what nobody but those who read it could understand is quickly lost to me. Fiction has a way of taking over my life and coloring the way I see everything for a brief period of time, and later it is hard to even recall those experiences in any detail. I recently read a collection of essays by Jonathan Franzen called How to Be Alone that gave me an entirely new way to think about what it means to be a reader. I was so full of ideas as I was reading and forming quick connections with other things I had both read and experienced. But when I sat down to write about the book weeks later, I could no longer remember what had been so profound about it and was at a loss to explain the experience I had reading it. I am generally bothered by how much of life we lose, either because we never notice it or quickly forget. So in a desperate attempt to at least hold on to what I can, I put effort into remembering what I read. The easiest and most obvious way I remember what I read is by keeping my books. I have moved several times in the last ten years and have a penchant for getting rid of everything I own, but I keep most of what I read because seeing a book on my shelf helps me to recall the experience I had reading it and looking at the pages to see what I underlined reminds me more specifically why the book mattered to me. The book itself serves as a reminder of both experiences and ideas. Last year I started keeping a public quote blog. It started as an effort to share what I was reading, but for me it is a way of holding on to the passages from each book that I find most meaningful. I can search by topic, author, or book, but my favorite feature is that when other tumblr users share a quote, I get a notification and am reminded of a random excerpt I have probably forgotten. The best way I have found to hold on to what I read is to talk about what I read. If I articulate my thoughts on a book, they have a much better chance of staying with me.  Being forced to talk and write about what I have read is what I miss most about the classroom. It took me a while to realize that the internet was interested in having those same discussions if I just made the effort to express my thoughts on a book, whether in writing or on video. While sharing and getting feedback is the fun part, it is meaningful to me to have a record of my reading experiences. Even with these efforts, a lot of what I have read is still lost to me. The book I thought would change my life is robbed of attention by the next I am sure will change my life. I love too many books to keep them all at the front of my mind. But these small little things I do are a way of calming my anxiety about the way life moves too quickly, and they allow me to fully experience what I have read and re-experience a book whenever I choose.

Television and Modern Technology Censorship - 2008 Words

For every swear word to every explicit image, the FCC is always there to try and censor the indecent and compromising content before it reaches the viewers. For many years, the FCC has always been televisions number one source for protection when in regards to filtering which content gets to the viewer. Television will always change, but for the better I think not. Through the years, the FCC with censorship has been on an epic downfall that even dates back to how women were portrayed and even to the images that aired on national public television. Censorship covers a wide range of outlets whether it is music, television, or the internet. Television worldwide may be one of the most influential inventions of all time, which is the reason†¦show more content†¦Many feel that when their product is consistently monitored it takes the heart and fun out of the material. Television Censorship in the past was one drastic change in television history; censorship was also a major television impact on society. From the 1930s to the 1940s TV was still very new and at in its birthing years; making the amount of viewers of the television only a few thousand. At a 90 percent rate TV has doubled its amount of viewers within just a decade making it more than 30 million viewers. Sex, violence, drugs, and alcohol is a huge acceptance and popular culture and because of the rise in these popular areas the FCC was born. The FCC also known as the Federal Communications Commission was established in June of 1934 (CITE A WEBSITE). Although censorship may be a broad topic, women on the other hand were a prime target for the FCC. One of the major impacts that censorship has had on society was with women and minorities. Around the era of WWII, a rise in childbirth also known as the â€Å"baby boom† era had a nationwide effect of anxieties when it came to sex. In fact, in the 1950s a statue in Indiana for masturbation came into effect making masturbation a crime; a person caught masturbating could be convicted and sentenced up to 14 years of jail time. Any sexual interaction between two people was deemed a sin in the eyes of society calling it bestiality, if the two people were not married. To further show how censorship blocks certain imagesShow MoreRelatedRay BradburyS Fahrenheit 451 Shows A Society Where, Similar1070 Words   |  5 PagesRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 451 shows a society where, similar to modern day America, technology and conformity are praised, but unique ideas are seen as taboo. Many have heard phrases to the effect of â€Å"Don’t watch so much TV, it’ll rot your brain!à ¢â‚¬  But is there any validity to these claims? Ray Bradbury thought so when he wrote the novel, and he is not alone in these beliefs. Many believe that television can have detrimental effects on one s intellect, as well as their individuality. Similarly,Read MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury943 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many similarities between the novel and contemporary society, including technology, family lifestyle and censorship. In Fahrenheit 451, Bradbury’s main focus was on technology, such as televisions. Televisions were a big deal back in 1950, individuals were thrilled to get their hands on the new device. When it comes to Mildred, Montag s wife in Fahrenheit 451 novel. Mildred was so obsessed with televisions. She had three different TVs on her three different walls in the living room. AllRead MoreThe Depiction Of Society In Bradburys Fahrenheit 4511335 Words   |  6 Pagestoday is corrupted by advanced technology, plagued by censorship, and intimate communication has been shattered. Although each novel has something comparable to today’s society, Bradbury’s depiction of society in Fahrenheit 451 is very comparable to America today. The society in the novel Fahrenheit 451 uses censorship to eliminate one’s feeling of offense or uncomfortableness just like it is used today in America. Within the novel the society presents censorship greatly through the burning ofRead MoreKnowledge Is Power, And That s The Problem880 Words   |  4 Pagesplethora of information, this lack knowledge lead to a dystopian society full of censorship, ignorant unlearned individuals, and technological advancements beyond those which we know of today. It was not until Montag stole a book that he had a change of heart. Censorship is a government, or other groups control of the information being circulated and presented in a society. Social media, news, radio and television, all of which a forms of communication and avenues of information used each day. AlthoughRead MoreEssay on The Practice of Music Censorship610 Words   |  3 Pages Music censorship has taken many forms in the past, but many forms are overbearing and generally ridiculous. Censorship comes in many forms. The practice of censorship is defined as â€Å"...the act of changing or suppressing speech or writing that is considered subversive of the common good.†(Merriam-Webster). Old forms of censorship included not allowing airplay, refusal of sale, and refusal of publishment. The major issue found with those that oppose censorship, is that they have no real groundsRead MoreCensorship in the Media Essay1084 Words   |  5 Pagesthe term censorship have been changed and manipulated very much over the years. Television and movie ratings have become more lenient against violence and indiscretion because these things are now seen as entertainment. Is this appropriate for our youth? Should children be exposed to these images so early on? How does censorship in the media affect adolescents? Children are the future of our society and need to hav e some understanding of real world occurrences. Ultimately, censorship can onlyRead MoreCensorship of Media1064 Words   |  5 PagesSurprises of Censorship In today’s world of technology and high finance children learn and do different activities. Video games, television shows, and the internet all have effect on our society. These items take away from moral values, and it also undermines the instruction parents give to their children. We need a healthier world with fewer restrictions, and if negative commodities are prohibiting children from recreational play parents should be the regulators in what content their childrenRead MoreEssay about Television Censorship1601 Words   |  7 Pages Television Censorship WHAT IS CENSORSHIP? quot;Censorship is the supervision and control of the information and ideas that are circulated among the people within a society. In modern times, censorship refers to the examination of books, periodicals, plays, films, television and radio programs, news reports, and other communication media for the purpose of altering or suppressing parts thought to be objectionable or offensive. The objectionable material may be considered immoral or obscene, hereticalRead MoreCensorship Is Not Freedom, Morality, And Safety Of The People1549 Words   |  7 PagesWhen you think of the word, â€Å"censorship†, what do you think of? Secrecy? Morality? Oppression? Liberals often see censorship as a limit set by the government. A limit to suppress the capabilities of the human race. A limit that keeps a country’s citizens intact. A limit that keeps the people ignorant so that the powerful can stay powerful. But what if I told you that censorship isn’t what the liberals say it is? What if I told you that censorship is the thing that is keeping our country togetherRead MoreCritical Response Fahrenheit 4511592 Words   |  7 Pagesabout what the future may hold. Predominantly told through the eyes of the protagonist Guy Montag Bradbury warns humanity of a future containing mind manipulation, abuse of technology and heavy government censorship. The purpose of this book is clearly to warn society of the path we are headed to if we continue to value new technology over knowledge by showing us â€Å"that although knowledge can cause disharmony, knowledge of the past can help prevent man from making similar mistakes in the future†. The title

Why the Cold War developed by 1949 Essay - 865 Words

By 1949, the Cold War had developed in many ways since 1945. The most significant factor to the development of the Cold War since the end of World War II, was the building of the Iron Curtain in 1946 which divided the communists countries of Eastern Europe from the non-communist countries of the West and considerably contributed to the hostilities between the West and the USSR. Other reasons why Cold War had developed by was because of the different ideology to begin with, the Marshall Plan and Truman Doctrine, the Berlin Blockade, the sphere of influence and the NATO, which united the Western powers. The most important reason why the Cold War had developed by 1949 was because of the building of the Iron Curtain, which divided the†¦show more content†¦The making of the Marshall Plan, lead to Stalin setting up ?Cominform? to try and strengthen Communism in Europe and to co-ordinate Communist parties. Stalin also stopped any countries from accepting the Marshall aid, and so the Truman Doctrine became very significant in developing the divide of Eastern and Western Europe. The Cold War is known to be about the two opposing sides, using one-upmanship on each other, and so the making of the Truman Doctrine demonstrates the sides retaliating to each others? actions, without fighting or disarming each other. Towards the end of the period of 1945 to 1949, the Berlin Blockade was planned by Stalin who felt threatened by the prosperity of West Germany and the uniting of the three other sectors of Germany (USA, France and Britain). He put his troops all the way around Berlin to stop people from entering and leaving the city and cut two million Berliners off. As the Cold War was not about fighting, because of the introduction of atomic bombs, the west found alternative methods to help the people inside Berlin who were cut off. They flew 8000 tonnes of food into Berlin every day, by plane, which landed and flew off every 90 seconds. In response, the Soviet fighters did not try and shoot the planes down, but did all they could to try and stop them, by distracting them with other planes in the sky. This developed the Cold War,Show MoreRelatedHistory Essay. Expansionism779 Words   |  4 PagesHow far do you agree with the view that the development of the Cold War in the years 1945-48 owed more to soviet expansionism than to the USA’s economic interests? Many historians argue that the development of the cold war in the years 1945-48 owed more to soviet expansionism than to the USA’s economic interests. Source 7 supports this view to an extent as it argues that the USSR ‘tightened its grip over the countries of central and eastern Europe’ and how the ‘western attitudes had hardened’Read MoreWhy do states seek to acquire nuclear weapons? 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The idea of war such as the Cold War being associated with Dr.Suess s, The Butter Battle Book, should not be the focus of a children s book. People like Joseph Stalin and events such as the creation of missiles and bombs and the cuban missile crisis played a significant role in the Cold War. Joseph Stalin was a powerful

Southwest Airline Company Free Essays

What this means is that their primary goal within the company IS to add value in their offered services toward their customers, focusing on delivering both low cost and high quality. This is combined with a focus on the employees within the organization. CEO Herb Keller exemplifies this through stating that the philosophy of the company is to take good care of employees first which in result will lead to the employees taking care of the companies customers. We will write a custom essay sample on Southwest Airline Company or any similar topic only for you Order Now We argue that the companies’ competitive advantage ices primarily in its cost-UCM strategy. Southwest has chosen to differentiate themselves to the domestic market which means that they reduced the geographical scope of their flashlights to only offer domestic flights. This in combination with a decentralized organization has given the company the chance to specialize in a particular area while also allowing them to cut costs, ergo a cost-UCM strategy. Another competitive advantage is gained through a loose based control strategy. We argue that Southwest works towards empowering their employees, basically giving them more responsibility and authority to manage their jobs and respective departments. An example of this is the unique hiring process they enforce, where the respective vocations interview and hire their peers. To quote the book â€Å"I hire good people and I leave them alone to do their jobs†. A quote that closely resembles CEO Herd Sleeker’s philosophy. This can also be argued as a competitive advantage for the corporation since the high level of organizational decentralization empowers the workers and supports the organizational culture. This is an example of informal structure, which Southwest exercise. Informal structure is built very much on trust. In combination with a decentralized organization that employs loose based control strategy, as is the case with Southwest, trust is crucial. Even with the high level of trust within Southwest, there are still a set of rules to which the employees must adhere. How to cite Southwest Airline Company, Papers

Programming with Data Structure and Algorithms

Question: Discuss the following points.. Software development lifecycle. Object Oriented Programming. Technical and End User Documentation. Software Testing Troubleshooting. Web Site Design Development Project Teamwork communication. Answer: Personal statement Highly self motivated personnel with skills in Java programming language will help secure a good position in the IT industry. Ability to work in team effectively. It will help to provide great service in the field of programming and software development. Excellent level of communication which will help to understand the objectives of jobs and to deliver a high quality of team work. Punctuality, willingness to learn new topics and the ability of fast learning will help to learn the objectives, goals and requirements of new organization. The technical abilities and the experiences in the area of object oriented programming along with the SDLC and documentation will help to perform better in the work place. The technical and professional skills in the area of Java are programming and software developing along with the previous experience will help to develop a good career in the IT industry. Summary of curriculum vitae The technical abilities and professional skills in the field of Software development and Java programming will help to develop a good career in the IT industry. Completed graduation in software engineering from ComputingCollege of North West London and Middlesex University. Work experience gathered from EBJJF, Cartuning ltd. and Royal Window tinting. Key skills learnt from work experience include system development using JAVA and SQL, management of the website of the organization, optimization of search engine and management of Google Adwords. Key Skills Software development lifecycle Object Oriented Programming. Technical and End User Documentation Software Testing Troubleshooting Web Site Design Development Project Teamwork Communication Java programming knowledge and SQL Employment history Company name Duration Achievements and responsibilities EBJJF January 2015 till date System developer using Java language and SQL Managing company website Outgoing project handling Cartuning Ltd May 2015 - January 2016 creating and managing company's website Search engine optimisation Managing google Adwords (account pay per click) Royal Window tinting UK December 2015- till date Creating and managing companys website Search engine optimization Managing Google Adwords Education: Middlesex University (2015-2016) Modules: Graphics and visualization Open source software Artificial intelligence Computer science project Expected Grade 2:1 Middlesex University (North West London College) (2014-2015) Modules: Client Server Web Development. Analysis and designing in object oriented programming. Software development program on object oriented study software development plan Middlesex University (North West LondonModules Included) (2013- 2014) Modules: Work Based Learning. Academic Skills for Computing. Database Management Systems. Intro to Computer Systems. Programming with Data Structures and Algorithms. ComputingCollege of North West London (2012-2013) Module: Communication And Employability Skills For IT Computer System Information Systems Managing Networks IT Systems Troubleshooting And Repair Event Driven Programming Project Planning With IT Database Design Mathematics For IT Practitioner References: Ackerley, N., 2015. How to Write Your CV. Veterinary Nursing Journal, 30(9), pp.252-252. Association, E., 2011. How to Get a Great Job. New York: Skyhorse Publishing, Inc. Lebrave, J., 2002. How Will they Write?. Diogenes, 49(196), pp.126-132. Petroski, H., 2011. An engineer's alphabet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Early Western Civilization Egyption Tomb 5 Egyptologists Had Lost Inte

Early Western Civilization Egyption Tomb 5 Egyptologists had lost interest in the site of tomb 5, which had been explored and looted decades ago. Therefore, they wanted to give way to a parking lot. However, no one would have ever known the treasure that lay only 200 ft. from King Tut's resting place which was beyond a few rubble strewn rooms that previous excavators had used to hold their debris. Dr. Kent Weeks, an Egyptologist with the American University in Cairo, wanted to be sure the new parking facility wouldn't destroy anything important. Thus, Dr. weeks embarked in 1988 on one final exploration of the old dumping ground. Eventually he was able to pry open a door blocked for thousands of years, and announced the discovery of a life time. "We found ourselves in a corridor," he remembers. "On each side were 10 doors and at end there was a statue of Osiris, the god of the afterlife." The tomb is mostly unexcavated and the chambers are choked with debris, Weeks is conv inced that there are more rooms on a lower level, bringing the total number to more than 100. That would make tomb 5 the biggest and most complex tomb ever found in Egypt, and quite conceivable the resting place of up to 50 sons of Ramesses II, perhaps the best known of all the pharaohs, the ruler believed to have been Moses'nemesis in the book of Exodus. The Valley of the Kings, in which Tomb 5 is located, is just across the Nile River from Luxor, Egypt. It is never exactly been off the beaten track. Tourism has been brisk in the valley for millenniums: graffiti scrawled on tomb walls proves that Greek and Roman travelers stopped here to gaze at the wall paintings and hieroglyphics that were already old long before the birth of Christ. Archaeologists have been coming for centuries too. Napoleon brought his own team of excavators when he invaded in 1798, and a series of expeditions in 19th and early 20th centuries uncovered one tomb after another. A total of 61 burial spots had been found by the time the British explorer Howard Carter opened the treasure-laden tomb of King Tutankhamun in 1922. Britain's James Burton had burrowed into the site of Tomb 5 in 1820, and decided that there was nothing inside. A dismissive Carter used its entryway as a place to dump the debris he was hauling out of Tut's tomb. In the late 1980s, came the proposed parking area and Weeks' concern. His 1988 foray made it clear that the tomb wasn't dull as Burton said. Elaborate carvings covered walls and referred to Ramesses II, whose own tomb was just 100 ft. away. The wall inscriptions on the companion crypt mentioned two of Ramesses'52 known sons, implying some of the royal offspring might have been buried within. Then, came last month's astonishing announcement. For treasure, the tomb probably won't come to close to Tut's because robbers apparently plundered the chamber long time ago. No gold or fine jewelry has been found so far, and Weeks does not expect to find a ny riches to speak of. The carvings and inscriptions Weeks and his friends have seen, along with thousands of artifacts such as beads, fragments of jars that were used to store the organs of the deceased, and mummified body parts which tell historians a great amount about ancient Egypt during the reign of its most important king. "Egyptians do not call him Ramesses II," Sabry Abd El Aziz, director of antiquities for the Qurna region said. " We call him Ramesses al-Akbar which means Ramesses the Great." During his 67 years on the throne stretching from 1279 B.C. to 1212 B. C., Ramesses could have filled an ancient edition of the Guinness Book of Records all by himself: he built more temples, obelisks and monuments; took more wives(eight, not counting concubines) and claimed to have sired more children (as many as 162, by some accounts) than any other pharaoh in history. He presided over an empire that stretched from present-day Libya to Iraq in the east, as far north as Turkey an d southward into the Sudan. Today, historians know a great deal

Motivations Behind Imperialism essays

Motivations Behind Imperialism essays The motivations behind imperialism imposed by the growing superpowers include strategic and cultural imperialism, nationalism, economic considerations, and the idea of survival of the fittest. Strategic imperialism is the concern of a nation for the control of key waterways, ports, and military outposts. In other words, this means anything that may benefit a nation during times of war or strife. Cultural imperialism combines both religion and race. Some Westerners felt that it was the responsibility of the white race to rule over others. Religious reasons are another motivation. Christian missionaries wanted to spread Christianity out to Asia and Africa, as they had done earlier in Latin America. Nationalism is a citizens love of his country and the willingness to sacrifice for it. This creates the urge to compete with other nations to become the most powerful. Economic considerations also come into play. A growing country may find the need for new markets, cheap labor, industrial raw materials, agricultural products, and places for investment in areas around the world. Finally, survival of the fittest, in the respect of imperialism, is the ideology that the stronger and superior cultures will control or even eliminate the weaker, inferior cultures. Great Britain was motivated primarily by strategic, economic, and cultural purposes. First of all, they were contained on a small island with a growing population, but limited resources. With the growing need of these resources, the British sought to expand outwards, moving out to Africa (particularly Egypt and South Africa) and Asia (India). They used these areas primarily for textile manufacturing. Cheap labor cultivated and harvested cotton, which in turn was transported back to England, where it was then processed into cloth. Strategically, the British sought these and other territories in order to compete with their enemies. This expansion made it s...

Impact of Language Barriers on Refugees Education Research Paper

Impact of Language Barriers on Refugees Education - Research Paper Example The paper stresses the issue of language barriers among refugee students is inadequately addressed by current academic programs in the United States. When refugee students enroll in schools, they are separately taken through intensive language acquisition programs before being merged with the mainstream student population. At the end of the intensive programs, which last for approximately six months, instructors presume that the refugee students are sufficiently proficient in the instruction language. However, these students do not acquire substantial skills within the 6-months programs that will enable them to compete objectively with other proficient students. In this case, I agree with the purpose of intensive programs in facilitating language literacy among refugee students. In conclusion, it remains evident that language barriers, specifically the issues of second language instruction and limited confidence in social language, are undermining the education of refugee students in US schools. Language barriers, which could be pre-immigration or post-immigration in nature, compromise on the eventual outcomes of refugee students’ academic journeys. Despite the presence of adaptive instructional programs to enhance the proficiency of language among refugees in US schools, more still needs to be done to neutralize obstacles presented by pre-immigration and post-immigration language barriers. Undeniably, research of such topics is important in improving the education lives of refugees living in non-native cultures across the world.

Stress Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Stress Project - Essay Example The fates may have one idea about how I should live my life, but, I may have other ideas that may not sit well with the fates. Nobody ever said that fate could not be changed by other forces right? That is exactly what I am going to be doing. I am the master of my destiny, fate should only be the eventual outcome if I do nothing to change what could be a negative fate for me. Life is not about luck. It is all about ambition and drive. Stress management is something that is very difficult to accomplish. Even with all the self help books out there and the empowerment speeches being thrown at us, it is still difficult to find an effective way to manage the problems that beset my daily life. I find that playing motion controlled video games like tennis, sword fighting, and even boxing, helps to take the edge off. Stress is just basically excess tension and anger that cannot be unleashed upon people or events in our lives. But, with an avenue to release it, such as the interactive video g ames in my case, I find that stress management comes easier and actually helps me regain my focus on the tasks on hand. Even just tuning out at the end of the week and leaving town to bond with my friends in a different environment like a health club or resort helps lower my stress level and refocuses my energy on self healing, empowerment, and improvement.

Review Of The Ielts Speaking Task English Language Essay

Review Of The Ielts Speaking Task English Language Essay Currently, the most popular language assessment such as Cambridge certificate exam, IELTS (The International English Language Testing System), TOEFL (The Test of English as a Foreign Language ) and GRE (Graduate Record Examination ) are widely considered as a reliable means of assessing the language ability of test takers who need to study, work or immigrate where English is the language of communication. Take the IELTS exam for example, it is not only for the people who are ready to enter the university of instruction in English as the leading national education system designed for language testing, but also for testing English level of people who prepare to settle this countries. IELTS is one of the most widely used in various countries like study abroad: the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, the United States, etc; Immigration: Australia, New Zealand and Canada. It is widely used large-scale ESL tests and played a pivotal role for peoples lives such as use for making critical dec isions about the candidates for their admission to university or immigration to foreign countries and so forth (Uysal, n.d.). It is owned by three partners which are the University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, the British Council and IDP, Education Australia (Cambridge University, 2007). This language test involves four aspects: listening, speaking, reading and writing which can detection the test takers English proficiency as the applicants certification compliance. As for the test takers, the IELTS preparation course is to improve the process of English, most of Chinese people have the weak link are writing and speaking. Speaking is the very basic and more difficult skill to access. If the test takers want to grasp this skill, they should take more time and energy to accumulate in daily life. As a result, this report aims to analysis the IELTS speaking test, notice the assessment of speaking, and evaluate the limitation of the speaking test. There are some advantages of IELTS exam built on the history of English language testing and assessment over this several years. It established a good reputation, its rating is impartiality and credibility, and is widely used in language testing institutions in many countries. According to IELTS Organization website, IELTS test takers and the organizations are depend on the IELTS test results benefit from IELTS continuing investment in quality assurance, to make sure the test remains orderly and relevant ( IELTS Organization, n.d.). At the beginning, the English Language Testing Service (ELTS) made the first test appearance in 1980 when it substituted for the English Proficiency Test Battery (EPTB), a traditional largely multiple choice test battery which had been used by the British Council in its students from overseas recruitment and employment since the mid 1960s for the objective of international applicants to universities and colleges in the UK (IELTS Organization, n.d ) This n ew model test use an innovative format which can influence the changes in language learning and development of language testing and assessment. IELTS is traditional as a pencil and paper test, it different from TOEFL which is as a computer-based test, and the IELTS speaking test is used one to one interview method to assess. It focuses on the communication from the test takers and through their performance to assess them in academic contexts and the fluency of language use. According to the official data, during the 1980s the test numbers were quite low (4000 in 1981 rising to 10,000 by 1985), it obviously shows that there were difficulties with the administration of the test which relates to the test items and time taken to complete the test (IELTS Organization, n.d ). From 1989 IELTS test candidates took two non-sepcialised models, listening and speaking, and two specialized model which are reading and writing. The non-specialised models are focus on test general English and the s pecialised models are used to test language skills in particular areas. Further modifications to the IELTS test were implemented in April 1995 with keeping with the commitment of the Partners to development in applying linguistic, teaching practice and measurement. There are three aspects of change: the original models are replaced by an academic reading module and an academic writing module; the difference in terms of the context and content between the Academic and General Training Modules; to ensure fairness relating to the test takers during the test (IELTS Organization, n.d). Discussion: The IELTS speaking test: General background information IELTS is different from TOEFL test, and its candidates faced questions not already recorded good specifications, but to directly face to the examiners which belongs to one on one interview and take between 11 and 15 minutes.. This is why the IELTS is more and more recognized by many people. IELTS consist of two major types which according to whether a candidate takes the academic or General Training version of the test. This speaking module assesses whether candidates can communicate effectively in English speaking. IELTS oral test is a system with a pattern, and the scoring with fairness and credibility. This module is divided three parts: part 1 is introduction and interview which the examiner introduces him/herself and confirms candidates identity, and the examiner interviews the test takers using oral questions selected from familiar topic frames with 4 5 minutes, the examiners will ask some basic questions to alleviate the tense mood of candidates; part 2 is individual long tur n in 3 4 minutes, including 1 min preparation time. This part is about examiner asks test takers to speak for 1 2 minutes on a particular topic based on written input in the form of general instruction and content prompts (Cambridge University, 2007). This stage is often more difficult to grasp for many candidates, and examiner invites candidates to participate in discussion of a more abstract concept such as issues and topic based on the oral questions thematically linked to part two. This part will last 4 5 minutes. The whole oral test tends to daily life, and more colloquial. In the IELTS speaking section, the examiner is also a commentary by the four analytical subscales at the nine bands: fluency and coherence; lexical resource; grammatical rang and accuracy; pronunciation (Cambridge University, 2007). These four criteria are equally weight. IELTS speaking test is the weak link to many test takers, and a considerable number of test takers is difficult to obtain high score. The test takers need to look at the IELTS speaking module score standards to overcome this difficulty at the beginning. The examiner has a set of criteria by which he or she assesses the test takers communication skills in these three parts. However, in the examination process, candidates manners and other personal factors will influence on the examiner score, this is not be ignored. 2.2 Reliability issues IELTS test is significant not only for study and immigration, currently more and more foreign enterprises are recognized by foreign companies as an objective, fully reflect the standard of English level for the candidates, especially in China. These IELTS test takers with this certificate apply for the job opportunity, especially for foreign commonwealth countries, they often have a greater competitive advantage. In recent years, as authorized IELTS score of countries and institutions increased, there are many people are concerned about this test. All the colleges and universities in commonwealth countries accredited IELTS score, and this test also recognized as the only English test in Australia. There are more people interested in rater reliability, this is because rater reliability is not possible to achieve as there is great variation even when standardization procedures to improve reliability have been undertaken. The second generalization from the discussion was that participan ts were in effect talking about that standardization procedures to make raters more reliable were stricter generally'(Langley, n.d.). Uysal (n.d.) points out IELTS test claims that the use of analytic scales is helpful for higher reliability as impressionistic rating and norm referencing are discouraged, and greater discrimination across bands is achieved. In the second place, raters tented to adhere to the assessment scale step by step, beginning with task achievement then moving on to the next criterion. It is understood that, scoring rules is to facilitate foreign institutions, embassies, and other employers have received IELTS students, staff test the effectiveness of the organization have a more intuitive understanding, so that they can recognize the scientific nature of the IELTS test and the reliability of the test result. The publication score of standard rules is also significant for the test takers, they can use the benefits of this rules. The test takers can be targeted for information through the detailed score standard, and the rating published rules in favor of analysis the scores for the test takers, and reduce the errors. At the same time, the strict processes used to produce the test materials ensure that every version of the test is of a comparable level of difficulty, so that they can ensure the fairness for the candidates and the results of the test takers are consistent wherever and whenever they take the test (IELTS Organization, n.d.). During the speaking test, t he main task type is interaction of test takers with examiner, in the first part, the candidates talk to the examiner like free conversation, it is easy to help the candidates to access to main topic. According to the view of Luoma (2004), he considers that speaking skills can be grouped for three points: routine skills which involving interaction with the examiner and get the useful information; improvisation skills contain negotiation of meaning and management of interaction; the last is microlinguistic elements, which is belongs to phonology, grammar and lexis. These are main aspects for examiners to test the English level for the test takers. The aim of the test and practical circumstances in which it will be settled set the general guidelines. However the most important point when designing tasks is the construct-related information that the scores must deliver, or the score users need to know about the examinees speaking skill (Luoma, 2004). validity issues During the IELTS speaking test, there are many different dimensions to validity. Cohen (1994) maintains that validity is generally considered the most significant aspect of assessment. In its simplest definition, validity refers to whether the assessment instrument actually measures what it purports to measure.Tests are validated by systematically collecting the data to support the correct form and intend to use of the assessment. And the assessment should be used to classify English language proficiency during the test. In the construct validity which is refers to the extent to the scores from the assessment instrument, it can measure the ability of the test takers in English (study guide, 2006). IELTS results are reported on a nine band scale, this score for all language ability which is fair for each test takers. The examiners based on the performance to judge the language ability. In the consequential validity, it relates to the social impact of the test (study guide, 2006). It h as positive effect for the society. IELTS test is increasingly accepted by academic institutions in European where English is used for study, immigration and employment. At last, the most important is face validity which refers to whether the test is acceptable to the candidates and other stakeholder like university admissions officers (study guide, 2006). And during the whole oral test, face validity will influence the performance of attitudes towards to the test for the test takers and also impact on the results of the test. The IELTS speaking task is to assess the test takers oral language skills, there is a range of topics is covered from common daily life such as family, lifestyle, transport, etc, and there are some challenging topics like technology, education, society and some of science knowledge involving weather, pollution, environment and so forth. During the process of test, the examiners will record the conversation with the test takers and get the feedback from the can didates as soon as possible and then give the evaluation correctly. During these several decades, the assessment of IELTS test become more perfect, through the collection of evidence made by candidates, and due to the development of the society, this test will change with the English standard of the whole world. 2.4 limitations IELTS test is as the point of internationalization to start, which contains western culture, geography, history and customs of other knowledge to the majority in Australia and the United Kingdom. It applies the traditional written and oral method to have the exam, which can express the content for people, but it also has a lot of its own shortages in the examination, such as the examiners subjective meaning of the test and some man-made factors. Firstly, IELTS speaking test does not change in recent years. IELTS exam in reading, writing and listening comprehension made some changes, but the oral part has not change, many test takers mentions that the oral test are not new, the topics are old-fashioned, and there are many books are for the IELTS exam to help the candidates to get high marks. There is more common situation that during the oral test, the test takers talk about the content basically similar for the same topic, it is so boring for the examiners. As the reason of the old questions, many candidates in the exam preparation should be collected more formal questions before, therefore, IELTS speaking does not only detect language ability of students, but also inspect the preparation before the work is complete. They also noted that preparing the answer to be informative and simple on the structure, not answer too complex and lengthy. Sometimes some candidates do not even play out their true level of English. Secondly, during the IELTS speaking test, it is obviously exit the differences in the thinking of western culture. Some IELTS speaking assessors have too much to do and they are not reliable. According to the study guide, it maintains that methods for designing a rating scale may be intuitive or empirical. Intuitive methods use expert judgment about what to include in the scale, and these scales are often based on existing rating scales, or a need analysis and use a native speaker ideal. Empirical methods may be data-based or empirical (study guide, 2006). In addition, some examiner exist some subjective meaning of the test, it is not fair for the test takers. So some non-native speakers cannot get high score is related to some private reasons. And even some examiners have prejudice for some students, and even the first impression will impact the mood of the examiners. Moreover, there are many differences in the model of thinking between western and the other countries, especially Ch inese test takers. When they communicate with foreigners, they would know the western countries culture to talk with them and seize the key point to increase the interest to them, in contrast, at the beginning of the oral test, they cause the examiner do not interested in what they said and want to over the conversation immediately. As a result, it is more important of the examiners to mark criteria which are as clear as possible, so that the score reliability is more significant for every test takers, they need correct evaluation in the oral test. It is more preferable to have the record for the test taker, which is a effective evidence that will lead to reliable scoring. At last, the examiners sometimes will also affect the mood of the candidates, because of the need for a long time to test the candidates, they often feel tired which can impact on the results of the test takers. These artificial factors are inevitable, so that it also can influence the fairness of the examination. Finally, English speaking test can sometime give the candidates some errors which can mislead the test takers, they simply think that this is an oral exam, they as long as use the basic language of daily life during the free conversation. However, IELTS speaking test focus on the formal expression not idioms or slang. Take the Chinese people for example, when foreigners communicate with Chinese people, they often use formal English, rarely use idiom which is conventional terms, its true meaning is different from the composition of words. And they use less slang which is informal idiom, different occupations and areas have different meanings (Wikipedia). For most Chinese candidates, IELTS test is one of the most sensitive. As the reason of the backward of English teaching, many candidates have less time to contact with foreigners. This also key point of the influence low score for the test takers. Conclusion In conclusion, IELTS speaking test is a comprehensive English language ability of candidates to the examination. The oral test has been modified as a result of many subjects which can help them to improve understanding of the test and task design for assessing the oral test ability. They also hope that the new test format, strict training and monitoring of the examiners performance will result in a oral test which can lead to fair and reliable for the test taker, which can help the them to improve English level. IELTS exam is the comprehensive exam in English for the test takers ability assessment in the same difficulty of the highest level of English proficiency test. IELTS score are accredited by all colleges and universities in the commonwealth countries. many people who wants to study abroad, as long as get the requirements of IELTS scores to the universities, they do not take part in other types of language tests any longer. In the other hand, English proficiency is the recruitm ent of the Chinese employees in foreign companies is one important criterion, and this test is considered as an objective, comprehensive response to the standard of English for the candidates. It can fully improve the ability of English for the test takers in four skills: listening, reading, writing and speaking. Oral test plays an important role of the whole examination, because of the proceeding from the actual level and increasing verbal communication. If the candidates want to get a good mark, the most effective strategy is understand fully and practice speaking test to achieve a high score. As for the test takers they should calculate more useful information in the daily life, and learn more authentic culture, try to communicate with foreigner which can make more confident during the test. In addition, the IELTS training institutions should be responsible for each candidate, try to be fair and reliable for the test takers and make the error is reduced to a minimum.

Acquisition Payment Cycle

Acquisition and Payment Cycle According to Arens, Elder and Beasley (2006), â€Å"is considered as the third major transaction cycle. † The three major transactions in the acquisition and payment cycle include: 1. Acquisition of goods and services 2. Cash Disbursements 3. Purchase returns and allowances and purchase discounts Components such as, acquisition of raw materials, equipment, supplies, utilities, repairs and maintenance, and research and development plays a major role in the acquisition and payment cycle.The major accounts that are associated with the acquisition and payment cycle are, accounts payable, inventory, and expenses. The methodology for designing tests for phase 1 – 3 of the process includes; identification of client risks affecting other accounts, setting tolerable misstatements, assessing inherent risk for accounts, and assessing control risks for accounts. Business functions included in the acquisition and payment cycle includes: processing purch ase orders, receiving goods and services, recognizing the liability, and processing and recording cash disbursements.The incorporation of e-commerce affects the acquisition and payment cycle in many ways. Information about the products and services that Apollo Shoes offers is readily accessible on the internet. This could be a hindrance for Apollo Shoes, since the company competitors can mimic the company’s products and services. For communication purposes, Apollo Shoes use the company’s intranet to communicate information securely. This action prevents a potential leak of information to the public and competitors. Below is a detailed illustration of the audit of the acquisition and payment cycle for Apollo Shoes.TRANSACTION-RELATED AUDIT OBJECTIVE| KEY INTERNAL CONTROL| COMMON TEST OF CONTROL| COMMON SUBSTANTIVE TESTS OF TRANSACTIONS| | | | | 1. Recorded acquisitions are for goods and services received, consistent with the best interests of the client. | | | | 2. | Pu rchase requisition, purchase order, receiving report, and vendor’s invoice are attached to the voucher. Acquisitions are approved at the proper level. Computer accepts entry of purchases only from authorized vendors in the vendor master file. Documents are cancelled to prevent their reuse.Vendor’s invoices, receiving reports, purchase orders, and purchase requisitions are internally verified. | Examine documents in voucher package for existence. Examine indication of approval. Attempt to input transactions with valid and invalid vendors. Examine indication of cancellation. Examine indication of internal verification. | Review the acquisitions journal, general ledger, and accounts payable master file for large or unusual accounts. Examine underlying documents for reasonableness and authenticity. Examine vendor master file for unusual vendors.Trace inventory acquisitions to inventory master file. Examine fixed assets acquired. | TRANSACTION-RELATED AUDIT OBJECTIVE| KEY I NTERNAL CONTROL| COMMON TEST OF CONTROL| COMMON SUBSTANTIVE TESTS OF TRANSACTIONS| | | | | 3. Existing acquisition transactions are recorded. | | | | 4. | Purchase orders are prenumbered and accounted for. Receiving reports are prenumbered and accounted for. Vouchers are prenumbered and accounted for. | Account for a sequence of purchase orders. Account for a sequence of receiving reports. Account for a sequence of vouchers. Trace from a file of receiving reports to the acquisitions journal. Trace from a file of vendors’ invoices to the acquisitions journal. | 5. Recorded acquisition transactions are accurate. | Calculations and amounts are internally verified. Batch totals are compared with computer summary reports. Acquisitions are approved for prices and discounts. | Examine indication of internal verification. Examine file of batch totals for initials of data control clerk; compare totals to summary reports. Examine indication of approval. Compare recorded transactions in the acquisitions journal with the vendor’s invoice, receiving report, and other supporting documentation. Re-compute the clerical accuracy on the vendor’s invoice, including discounts and freight. | TRANSACTION-RELATED AUDIT OBJECTIVE| KEY INTERNAL CONTROL| COMMON TEST OF CONTROL| COMMON SUBSTANTIVE TESTS OF TRANSACTIONS| | | | | 6. Acquisition transactions are properly classified. | | | | 7. | An adequate chart of accounts is used. Account classifications are internally verified. | Examine procedures manual and chart of accounts.Examine indication of internal verification. | Compare classification with chart of accounts by referring to vendor’s invoices. | 8. Acquisition transactions are recorded on the correct dates. | Procedures require recording transactions as soon as possible after the goods and services have been verified. Dates are internally verified. | Examine procedures manual and observe whether unrecorded vendor’s invoices exist. Examine ind ication of internal verification. | Compare dates of receiving reports and vendor’s invoices with dates in the acquisitions journal. 9. Acquisition transactions are properly included in the accounts payable and inventory master files and are properly summarized. | Accounts payable master file contents are internally verified. Accounts payable master file or trial balance totals are compared with general ledger balances. | Examine indication of internal verification. Examine initials on general ledger accounts indicating comparison. | Test clerical accuracy by footing the journals and tracing postings to general ledger and accounts payable and inventory master files. | Results of the AuditOf the preliminary audit of Apollo Shoes acquisition and payment cycle a sample size of 120 invoices were selected. There were missing invoices related to the sample size. The invoices were properly posted to the general ledger sales and accounts receivable control accounts. Each invoice was posted to the appropriate account, no discrepancy was found. The invoices not listed to the proper accounts demonstrated no deviations to other documents, re-calculations, or comparisons. The expected credit approval notation, â€Å"No credit approval,† was not found in the related documents.When a notation of the, â€Å"Wrong quantity billed,† was posted, a description of the explanation followed. In addition, the notation of, â€Å"CM,† meant the customer contacted Apollo Shoes stating an error and credit memo was issued on the following date. This notation caused all credit memos to generate a debit to a sales return account followed by a credit to accounts receivable. In regards to the other documentation, there were no additional discrepancies to alert management regarding the acquisition and payment cycle. All findings of the 120 sample size were warranted.

Conflict of Parents and Teens

The most common issue in our world today is the conflict between parents and teenagers. However, it is more than just conflict. What was once a sort of a â€Å"B.F.F.† relationship is now sour and bitter; full of arguments and sometimes fights! The arguing becomes an everyday thing and the parent nor is the child able to prevent it. It becomes natural to both. With that in mind, yes it is conflict, but it’s not forever; just temporary. Ask yourself a question about the situation†¦ Why are the teenage years more difficult with parents? Well, simply because the teenage years are when teens seek identity and parents majority come in-between it. In the present time, 13 years old is when everything goes downhill for the relationship. We start becoming more rebellious, the â€Å"back-talking† starts, conflict problems with other teens, wanting to be independent and unfortunately its good-bye to the video games and hello to the parties! All of this at only age 13. Can you imagine what the next 5 years will be? When a person reaches his or her physical maturity, there is also a change in your mental state as well as physical. We mature much earlier now days. There is no longer a match between our demand for independence, and our ability to actually be independent! Our teenage bodies and minds are screaming â€Å"I am ready to be independent! I want to make my own decisions! I want to be my own boss!† Your parents and society are screaming back at you, â€Å"You are not ready to be independent yet! You have not learned what you need to know yet! You cannot support yourself! You do not yet fully understand the dangers in this world! You are not grown!† . . . . And in the end they are right. We struggle with this unnatural situation. Reference http://www.livestrong.com/article/7895-conflict-between-parents-teenagers-/

A Review Of Emily Dickinsons Poem - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 488 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/07/03 Category People Essay Level High school Tags: Emily Dickinson Essay Did you like this example? For I have but the power to kill, / Without- the power to die- (3-4) Emily Dickinson wrote in one of her poems, My Life had stood-, a Loaded Gun. She grew up in Amherst, Massachusetts where she wrote over a thousand stories in the comfort of her home. Born in 1830, Dickinson wrote about life using themes including death, nature, immortality, and more. According to Neil Scheurich at University of Kentucky College of Medicine, In other moods, however, Dickinson laments a kind of suffering that seems much more of the body, deadening creativity and draining the spirit. Dickinson attended Mount Holyoke Female Seminary in 1847 in a means of trying to get a better education but soon dropped out because she felt pressured by the church. Some say that this influenced her writing, but she was mostly inspired by observations and experiences in her life. She is often compared to Walt Whitman in that they were arguably two of the greatest poets in America throughout the 19th century. This shows that her writing impacted many lives especially because her poems are still prominent today. Four years following Dickinsons death, her work started to expand nationwide due to her family discovering and promoting all of her 1,775 poems. Some of her most well-known poems include, but not limited to: Because I could not stop for Death, My Life had stooda Loaded Gun, I heard a Fly Buzzwhen I died, and much more. Emily Dickinsons writing shows that death is inevitable. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Review Of Emily Dickinsons Poem" essay for you Create order Inevitability is common throughout Dickinsons writing comparatively with her embracing the idea of death, instead of fearing it. Dickinson wrote, The Carriage held but just OurselvesAnd Immortality. (3-4) in one of her famous poems: Because I Could Not Stop For Death. From this, it is understood that Dickinson is accompanied by Death himself while in a ?carriage. In other words, Dickinson is being transported by Death to the afterlife, but then she mentions immortality which concludes that Dickinson views Death as continuing with life, never-ending, and afterlife. Considering Dickinson views death as an upholding thing, she often wrote poems about death as well as being alongside death. I heard a Fly buzz when I died The Stillness in the Room Was like the Stillness in the Air Between the Heaves of Storm From this, it was concluded that she is writing about hearing a fly buzz at her deathbed. This gives readers a sense of eeriness and somewhat confusion. She started off the poem with a basic comment of I heard a Fly buzz (Dickinson 1) but then abruptly there was a pause, and she wrote, when I died -(Dickinson 1). Which wants the readers to know what happens next, which is what is so captivating about her writing. With Blue uncertain stumbling Buzz Between the light and me And then the Windows failed and then I could not see to see